我国核事故应急演习工作研究与建议

对2009年以来的2次国家级核应急联合演习和13次省级核事故应急联合演习的主要经验和暴露的问题进行了总结。给出了增强演习的实战性、加强技术研判和决策分析的演练、重视海上核应急演练、重视针对涉核舆情与群体恐慌的专项演练与研究的建议。     

Quantification and source characterization of volatile organic compounds from exercising and application of chlorine-based cleaning products in a university athletic center

Humans spend approximately 90% of their time indoors, impacting their own air quality through occupancy and activities. Human VOC emissions indoors from exercise are still relatively uncertain, and questions remain about emissions from chlorine-based cleaners. To investigate these and other issues, the ATHLETic center study of Indoor Chemistry (ATHLETIC) campaign was conducted in the weight room of the Dal Ward Athletic Center at the University of Colorado Boulder. Using a Vocus Proton-Transfer-Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer (Vocus PTR-TOF), an Aerodyne Gas Chromatograph (GC), an Iodide-Chemical Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer (I-CIMS), and Picarro cavity ringdown spectrometers, we alternated measurements between the weight room and supply air, allowing for determination of VOC, NH₃, H₂O, and CO₂ emission rates per person (emission factors). Human-derived emission factors were higher than previous studies of measuring indoor air quality in rooms with individuals at rest and correlated with increased CO₂ emission factors. Emission factors from personal care products (PCPs) were consistent with previous studies and typically decreased throughout the day. In addition, N-chloraldimines were observed in the gas phase after the exercise equipment was cleaned with a dichlor solution. The chloraldimines likely originated from reactions of free amino acids with HOCl on gym surfaces.     

压缩合成食品对人体运动能力的影响

研究选取12名生理指标相对类似的试验对象,通过采用自身对照和交叉平衡的试验设计方法,针对普通膳食和以90军用干粮为例的压缩合成食品对人体运动能力的影响进行了分析,通过测定试验对象进食2组不同营养组成的食品进行运动或训练后、恢复体内的血糖浓度水平、血乳酸浓度、血乳酸清除率、心率变化、相关激素水平变化以及不同氧化变化情况评价普通膳食和压缩合成食品对人体运动能力的影响。试验结果显示,相比于普通膳食,压缩合成食品在高强度运动以及力竭运动后维持人体运动能力方面以及体能恢复方面具有明显优越性。     

南水北调中线干线渠道工程工期延误分析方法研究

在对南水北调中线干线渠道工程进行工期索赔分析计算时,采用合理的延误分析方法是顺利协调处理索赔的关键。在分析现行主要延误分析方法的局限性和适用性的基础上,提出了一种新的工期延误分析方法,即沙盘推演计划比较法,给出了该方法的基本原则、分析流程,然后结合进度管理软件P6,以南水北调中线某标段工程为例进行了计算分析,验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

Lactate as a Metabolite and a Regulator in the Central Nervous System

More than two hundred years after its discovery, lactate still remains an intriguing molecule. Considered for a long time as a waste product of metabolism and the culprit behind muscular fatigue, it was then recognized as an important fuel for many cells. In particular, in the nervous system, it has been proposed that lactate, released by astrocytes in response to neuronal activation, is taken up by neurons, oxidized to pyruvate and used for synthesizing acetyl-CoA to be used for the tricarboxylic acid cycle. More recently, in addition to this metabolic role, the discovery of a specific receptor prompted a reconsideration of its role, and lactate is now seen as a sort of hormone, even involved in processes as complex as memory formation and neuroprotection. As a matter of fact, exercise offers many benefits for our organisms, and seems to delay brain aging and neurodegeneration. Now, exercise induces the production and release of lactate into the blood which can reach the liver, the heart, and also the brain. Can lactate be a beneficial molecule produced during exercise, and offer neuroprotection? In this review, we summarize what we have known on lactate, discussing the roles that have been attributed to this molecule over time.     

大学生课外体育锻炼效果综合评价及网络构想

为了分析普通高校大学生课外体育锻炼效果，笔者运用文献资料、专家访谈对陕西省部分普通高校大学生参加课外体育锻炼效果的综合评价进行了分析，并根据研究的结果提出大学生课外体育锻炼效果评价的发展趋势和方向。     

设计游戏：建筑学学生的手册

作为传统建筑设计课的补充,这组练习着眼于建筑环境的时间性及与人的互动。要求学生观察现实中司空见惯却又被传统建筑教育所忽视的,少量纪念性建筑之外的大量建筑都是一个动态的过程,而不仅仅是建筑师的作品。     

Exercise improves executive function and achievement and alters brain activation in overweight children: A randomized, controlled trial.

Objective: This experiment tested the hypothesis that exercise would improve executive function. Design: Sedentary, overweight 7- to 11-year-old children (N = 171, 56% girls, 61% Black, M ± SD age = 9.3 ± 1.0 years, body mass index [BMI] = 26 ± 4.6 kg/m2, BMI z-score = 2.1 ± 0.4) were randomized to 13 ± 1.6 weeks of an exercise program (20 or 40 min/day), or a control condition. Main Outcome Measures: Blinded, standardized psychological evaluations (Cognitive Assessment System and Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Achievement III) assessed cognition and academic achievement. Functional MRI measured brain activity during executive function tasks. Results: Intent to treat analysis revealed dose-response benefits of exercise on executive function and mathematics achievement. Preliminary evidence of increased bilateral prefrontal cortex activity and reduced bilateral posterior parietal cortex activity attributable to exercise was also observed. Conclusion: Consistent with results obtained in older adults, a specific improvement on executive function and brain activation changes attributable to exercise were observed. The cognitive and achievement results add evidence of dose-response and extend experimental evidence into childhood. This study provides information on an educational outcome. Besides its importance for maintaining weight and reducing health risks during a childhood obesity epidemic, physical activity may prove to be a simple, important method of enhancing aspects of children's mental functioning that are central to cognitive development. This information may persuade educators to implement vigorous physical activity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

便携式动态健康信息监测仪设计

基于实时检测、显示并存储人体运动量、体温和心电等重要生理参数的目的,采用16位低功耗单片机MSP430F149为核心,三维加速度传感器模块MMA7260、温度传感器DS18B20以及心电电极作为采集模块,设计一款低功耗便携式动态健康信息监测仪。通过仿真、样机测试等方法验证此监测仪能够实时检测、按键控制显示并存储各生理参...